KB Articles

KB Articles

  • Nov- 2021 -
    13 November

    Spasmodic Dysphonia and other related disorders.

    What are the various types of spasmodic dysphonia? How will you manage a case of adductor dysphonia? (10) June 2013. Spasmodic Dysphonia Focal task-specific laryngeal dystonia with spasmodic contractions of internal laryngeal musculat ure .Adult onset disorder with a female predominance.Unknown pathophysiology.Site of pathology involves the basal ganglia .25% of patients with SD report family history of dystonia or…

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  • 13 November

    Laryngeal innervation with diagrams DNB ENT 2013

    Describe laryngeal innervation and support your answer with neat labeled diagrams. (10) June 2013 Motor Supply of Larynx: ALL intrinsic muscles of larynx which move vocal folds are supplied by Recurrent Laryngeal nerve (RLN):Posterior CricoArytenoid (Abductor)Lateral CricoArytenoid (Adductor)InterArytenoid (Adductor)ThyroArytenoid (Adductor)Vocalis(Tensor)EXCEPT:CricoThyroid (Main Tensor + Adductor)External branch of Superior Laryngeal Nerve (SLN)…

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  • 13 November

    What is Laryngeal Electromyography (5+5) June 2014

    Laryngeal Electromyography (LEMG): Evaluates integrity of laryngeal neuromuscular system in by recording action potentials generated in laryngeal muscles during voluntary and involuntary contraction.Most effective between 1-6 months post onset of paralysis. Tests 3 laryngeal muscles: ThyroArtyenoid (TA):Evaluation  of RLN .Needle placement is confirmed by vocalisation .Postereior CricoArytenoid (PCA):Evaluation  of RLN.Needle…

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  • Aug- 2020 -
    2 August

    Lateral Canal BPPV Geotropic

    This is the typical nystagmus of Lateral Canal BPPV To read full content, please consider buying the membership View PlansAvailable PlansPlus Plan₹1,499.00Read Premium content -Valid for 12 months -Access to Exclusive WebinarsPro Plan₹799.00Read Premium content -Valid for 6 months -Access to Exclusive WebinarsNextPrevious * Username * First Name * Last…

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  • 2 August

    Posterior Canal BPPV Nystagmus

    This is the typical nystagmus of Posterior Canal BPPV. To read full content, please consider buying the membership View PlansAvailable PlansPlus Plan₹1,499.00Read Premium content -Valid for 12 months -Access to Exclusive WebinarsPro Plan₹799.00Read Premium content -Valid for 6 months -Access to Exclusive WebinarsNextPrevious * Username * First Name * Last…

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  • 1 August

    Jet Ventilation in ENT

    Describe in brief the principle of Jet Ventilation. What  are  its applications in the management of ENT and Head & Neck diseases? Discuss in brief the advantages, limitations and complications of Jet ventilation . (2+2+2+2+2) Dec 2015 Jet ventilation Jet ventilation is used as a lifesaving maneuver in CICV “cannot…

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  • 1 August

    Head and Neck Dissection

    History of Head and Neck Dissection 1888- Jawdynski – first to describe RND.Jawdynski- polish surgeon was 1st to describe LN dissection procedure later known as RND but his publication went unnoticed due to his native language. He Also ligated carotid artery due to mass tumour invasion 1906- george washington crile…

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  • 1 August

    Types of Neck Dissections MRND, SND

    Questions on Types of Neck Dissections – Define selective neck dissection. Describe its types and indications for each. (2+4+4) Classify neck dissections. Describe the indications, surgical steps and complications  of modified radical neck dissection. Q- Discuss briefly principles and complications of supra-omohyoid neck dissection. Role of neck dissection in T1…

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  • Jul- 2020 -
    30 July

    Complications of Neck Dissection

    Complications of Neck Dissection can be divided into General and Local​1​. General Complications of Neck Dissection 1.Deep venous thrombosis 2. Pneumonia 3. Pneumothorax/ hemothorax (PNEUMOTHORAX: damage to apical pleura during dissecting low in neck leading to air leak.) 4.Metabolic complications- shock – hypovolaemic or septic or cardiogenic.5.Acid base imbalance. Local…

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  • 30 July

    Tributaries of Internal Jugular Vein IJV

    What are the tributaries of Internal Jugular Vein? DNB ENT April 2016 Internal jugular vein Tributaries of Internal Jugular Vein Internal jugular vein provides the venous return from the skull, brain, upper face and neck. It originates (where it has a superior bulb) as the continuation of the sigmoid sinus…

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